Parents are often surprised to learn that a medical diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) does not automatically entitle a student to special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Eligibility for special education services is based, instead, on an educational determination of a disability, which includes meeting the criteria for a specific disability (such as autism) and finding that a student needs special services. Understanding the differences between a medical diagnosis and an educational determination of eligibility for special education services can help parents become better advocates for their children.
Autism is a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction. Autism can adversely affect a child’s educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual sensory experiences. The term autism does not apply if the child’s educational performance is adversely affected primarily because the child has an emotional disturbance.
Possible Signs and Characteristics
A person with Autism Spectrum Disorder might have trouble:
talking to others and learning the meaning of words
hanging out or fitting in with others
dealing with changes (like trying new foods, having a substitute teacher, or having items moved from their normal places)
dealing with loud noises, bright lights, or busy hallways
communicating their wants or needs
a preoccupation with a narrow topic or interest
Clumsiness, atypical posture, or different ways of moving